IDengue - Sao Tome and Principe 26 May 2022 Imeko ngokuyithi krwaqu Ngomhla we-13 kuMeyi 2022, uMphathiswa wezeMpilo (MoH) waseSão Tomé nasePríncipe wazisa i-WHO ngokuqhambuka kwedengue eSão Tomé nasePríncipe.Ukususela ngomhla we-15 ku-Epreli ukuya kwi-17 kaMeyi, iimeko ze-103 ze-dengue fever kwaye akukho kufa kuchazwe.Esi sisifo sokuqala esixelwayo sokuqhambuka kwedengue kweli lizwe.Inkcazo yamatyala Ukususela kwi-15 ngo-Apreli ukuya kwi-17 ngoMeyi 2022, iimeko ze-103 ze-dengue fever, eziqinisekiswe ngovavanyo olukhawulezayo lokuxilonga (RDT), kwaye akukho kufa kubikwe kwizithili zempilo ezintlanu eSão Tomé nasePríncipe (umzobo 1).Uninzi lwamatyala (90, 87%) axelwe kwisithili sezempilo sase-Água Grande elandelwa nguMézochi (7, 7%), Lobata (4, 4%);IsiCantagalo (1, 1%);kunye noMmandla oZimeleyo weNqobo (1, 1%) (umzobo 2).Awona maqela eminyaka achaphazeleka ngokuqhelekileyo aye: iminyaka eyi-10-19 (amatyala angama-5.9 kwi-10 000), iminyaka engama-30-39 (amatyala angama-7.3 kwi-10 000), iminyaka engama-40-49 (amatyala angama-5.1 kwi-10 000) kunye ne-50-59 iminyaka (6.1 iimeko nge-10 000 nganye).Iimpawu zeklinikhi eziqhelekileyo zaziyifiva (97, 94%), intloko (78, 76%) kunye ne-myalgia (64, 62%).
Umfanekiso 1. Iimeko eziqinisekisiweyo zedengue eSão Tomé nasePríncipe ngomhla wesaziso, ngomhla we-15 kuEpreli ukuya kwi-17 kaMeyi 2022
I-subset yeesampuli ze-30 eziqinisekisiweyo yi-RDT zithunyelwe kwibhubhoratri yesalathiso yamazwe ngamazwe e-Lisbon, ePortugal, efunyenwe nge-29 ka-Epreli.Uvavanyo olongezelelweyo lwaselabhoratri luqinisekise ukuba iisampulu zinethemba losulelo lwe-dengue kwangoko, kwaye eyona serotype yayiyi-virus ye-dengue serotype 3 (DENV-3).Iziphumo zokuqala zibonisa ukuba kungenzeka kwezinye iiserotypes ezikhoyo kwibhetshi yeesampulu.
Isilumkiso soqhambuko lwedengue saqala xa umntu okrokrelekayo wedengue waxelwa kwisibhedlele saseSão Tomé nasePríncipe nge-11 ka-Epreli.Esi siganeko, esineempawu ezibonisa ukosuleleka yidengue, sinembali yokuhamba kwaye kamva kwafunyaniswa ukuba unosulelo lwedengue lwangaphambili.
Umzobo 2. Ukusasazwa kweemeko eziqinisekisiweyo zedengue eSão Tomé nasePríncipe ngokwesithili, nge-15 kuEpreli ukuya kwi-17 kaMeyi 2022
I-Epidemiology yesi sifo
I-Dengue lusulelo lwentsholongwane oludluliselwa ebantwini ngokulunywa ziingcongconi ezosulelekileyo.Idengue ifumaneka kwiindawo ezishushu nezingaphantsi kweTropiki kwihlabathi jikelele, ubukhulu becala kwimimandla yasezidolophini nakwimimandla esezidolophini.Awona magciwane aphambili asasaza esi sifo ziingcongconi ze-Aedes aegypti kwaye, kancinci, i-Ae.albopictus.Intsholongwane ebangela idengue, ibizwa ngokuba yintsholongwane yedengue (DENV).Kukho i-serotypes ezine ze-DENV kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba usuleleke amaxesha amane.Usulelo oluninzi lwe-DENV luvelisa ukugula okuncinci kuphela, kwaye ngaphezulu kwe-80% yamatyala abonisi zimpawu (asymptomatic).I-DENV inokubangela isifo esifana nomkhuhlane.Ngamanye amaxesha oku kuye kube yingxaki enokubulala, ebizwa ngokuba yidengue enzima.
Impendulo yezempilo yoluntu
Abasemagunyeni kwezempilo kuzwelonke baqalisile kwaye benza la manyathelo alandelayo ukuphendula uqhambuko:
Ukubamba iintlanganiso zeveki phakathi kwe-MoH kunye ne-WHO ukuxoxa ngemiba yobugcisa yoqhambuko
Kuphuhliswe, kuqinisekiswe kwaye kusasazwe isicwangciso sokuphendula idengue
Ukuqhuba uphando lwe-multidisciplinary epidemiological kunye nokufunyanwa kwamatyala asebenzayo kwizithili ezininzi zempilo
Ukuqhuba uphando lwe-entomological ukuchonga iindawo zokuzalela kunye nokuqhuba inkungu kunye nokunciphisa imvelaphi kwiindawo ezithile ezichaphazelekayo.
Ukupapasha inqaku lemihla ngemihla ngesi sifo kunye nokwabelana rhoqo kunye ne-WHO
Ukuququzelela ukuthunyelwa kweengcali zangaphandle ukomeleza amandla ebhubhoratri eSão Tomé nasePríncipe, kunye nezinye iingcali ezinokubakho ezifana nolawulo lwamatyala, unxibelelwano lomngcipheko, i-entomology kunye nolawulo lwe-vector.
Uvavanyo lomngcipheko we-WHO
Umngcipheko kwinqanaba likazwelonke ngoku uvavanywa njengophezulu ngenxa (i) yobukho bentsholongwane yeengcongconi i-Aedes aegypti ne-Aedes albopictus;(ii) indawo efanelekileyo kwindawo ezizalela kuyo iingcongconi emva kweemvula ezinkulu nezikhukula ukususela ngoDisemba wama-2021;(iii) ukuqhambuka kwesifo sorhudo, isifo seengcongconi, i-COVID-19 phakathi kweminye imingeni yezempilo;kunye (iv) nokwehla kokusebenza kwenkqubo yogutyulo nolawulo lwamanzi kumaziko ezempilo ngenxa yomonakalo wesakhiwo emva kwezikhukula.Amanani axeliweyo kusenokwenzeka ukuba ajongelwa phantsi ngenxa yokuba uninzi lwabantu abanesifo sedengue alubonakali kakuhle, kwaye kukho imida kumandla okuqhuba ucupho kunye nokuxilonga iimeko.Ulawulo lwezonyango lwezifo ezimandundu zedengue nalo lucelomngeni.Ukuqonda koluntu kweli lizwe kuphantsi, kwaye imisebenzi yonxibelelwano olusemngciphekweni ayonelanga.
Umngcipheko uwonke kumanqanaba ommandla nakwihlabathi jikelele uvavanywa njengophantsi.Ukuba nokwenzeka kokusasazeka ukusuka eSão Tomé nasePríncipe ukuya kwamanye amazwe akunakwenzeka ngenxa yokuba eli lizwe sisiqithi esingabelananga ngemida yomhlaba kwaye kuya kufuna ubukho bee-vectors ezisesichengeni.
• Ingcebiso ye-WHO
Ukufunyanwa kwetyala
Kubalulekile ukuba izibonelelo zempilo zibe nofikelelo kwiimvavanyo zokuxilonga ukuze zibhaqe kunye/okanye ziqinisekise iimeko zedengue.
Amaziko ezempilo kwiziqithi ezingaphandle zaseSão Tomé nasePríncipe kufuneka aziswe ngokuqhambuka kwaye abonelelwe ngee-RDT zokufumanisa iimeko.
Ulawulo lweVector Imisebenzi eDityanisiweyo yoLawulo lweVector (IVM) kufuneka iphuculwe ukuze kususwe iindawo ezinokubakhona zokufuya, kuncitshiswe inani leentsholongwane, kunye nokunciphisa ukuchanabeka komntu ngamnye.Oku kufuneka kubandakanye iindlela zokulawula imibungu kunye nezabantu abadala, ezinjengolawulo lokusingqongileyo, ukucutha umthombo kunye namanyathelo okulawula imichiza.
Amanyathelo okulawula iVector kufuneka aphunyezwe kumakhaya, kwiindawo zokusebenza, ezikolweni, nakwizibonelelo zempilo, phakathi kwezinye, ukuthintela ukunxibelelana nomntu we-vector.
Amanyathelo okunciphisa imithombo axhaswa luluntu kufuneka aqaliswe, kunye nokucupha i-vector.
Amanyathelo okuzikhusela
Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe impahla ekhuselayo ecutha ukutyhileka kwesikhumba kwaye kugalelwe izigxothi ezinokuthi ziqatywe eluswini oluvele okanye ezimpahleni.Ukusetyenziswa kwe-repellents kufuneka kuhambelane ngokungqongqo nemiyalelo yeleyibhile.
Izikrini zefestile kunye neengcango, kunye nenethi zengcongconi (ezifakwe okanye zingafaki zinambuzane), zinokuba luncedo ekunciphiseni ukudibana nomntu we-vector kwiindawo ezivaliweyo emini okanye ebusuku.
Ukuhamba kunye norhwebo
I-WHO ayicebisi naziphi na izithintelo zokuhamba kunye norhwebo ukuya eSão Tomé nasePríncipe ngokusekelwe kulwazi olukhoyo ngoku.
Inkcukacha ezithe vetshe
Idengue ye-WHO kunye ne-dengue eyingozi kakhulu https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue
I-WHO ye-Ofisi yoMmandla yaseAfrika, i-Dengue factsheet https://www.afro.who.int/health-topics/dengue
IOfisi yeNgingqi ye-WHO yaseMelika/iPan American Health Organisation, Isixhobo sokuxilonga kunye nokhathalelo lwezigulana ezirhanelwa zizifo ze-arboviral https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/33895
Isalathiso esicatshulweyo: Umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (26 May 2022).Iindaba zokuqhambuka kwezifo;IDengue eSão Tomé nasePríncipe.Ifumaneka apha: https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2022-DON387
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-26-2022